Compressors work with pneumatic mechanics. According to Ancient Greek civilization, "pneumatic" means wind, breath or soul. And the essence of compressors is the pneumatic technique. This technique is used for high pressures obtained by compressing the gas. Systems applied by compressing the air or liquid, which comes with the flow, with pressure are used in many areas. While the systems that air is compressed are called air compressors or pneumatics, the systems that liquids are compressed are called "hydraulics". Compressors are operated by securing them to their location or by bringing them to where they are needed. These systems, called "Portable Compressors", work in the same way as fixed operating systems, and maintenance-using instructions may be different from fixed operating systems.

 What Causes the Losses in Compressors?

Although there are many reasons for losses in pneumatic systems, energy losses are evaluated in two main criteria: Fitting and fasteners. In addition, there are various losses that cause the compressor to malfunction. Although these losses that stem from usage errors are something to be examined in another article, it is especially important to list usage errors which cause efficiency losses:

• Production of excessive discharge temperature: It occurs due to the wear of the valve assembly. The ambient temperature is restored after replacing it; after that, the production of discharge temperature returns to normal.
• Decrease in compressor's pressure generation speed: Belts and gaskets inside the machine need to be checked.
• Water leakage even though the flow device is intact: Damaged valve plates should be checked primarily.

 Losses in Pipes

Energy loss appears especially in flows in pipes. Pipes and fasteners are of great importance for the compressor, which is suitable for use, to be designed in a standard way and to deliver the expected performance. The main factors affecting these losses are as follows:

• The quality of the flow inside the pipe
• Production material of the pipe
• Diameter, length and sectional shape of the pipe
• Sectional changes between the pipes
• Chamber inlets and outlets

 Losses in Connections

Connections cause energy loss because they change the speed and flow rate of the flow. This energy loss is minimized by calculating in mechanics. These shortcomings disrupt the flow, they cause disconnections and new flow disturbances. Pressure losses, which are caused only by fasteners, prevent the system from operating with the desired efficiency. Thus, such losses are called "local losses". Local losses are listed as follows:

• Pipe connections, especially elbows (since the flow changes direction)
• Ports that the flow is divided into branches
• Places where there are elements which restrict flow, such as valves
• Opening and closing valves
• T-type connections which increase the flow
• Expansions, contractions